On March 1, 1803, the state of Ohio became the first state to be admitted
to the Union from the Northwest Territory. In 1805, Shelby Countys first settler, James Thatcher, traveled north from Kentucky along the Great
Miami River and settled in the corner of what is now Washington Township, setting up his
first house (probably no more than a lean-to) and the first homestead in
Shelby County. Because of
frequent land claim conflicts and the presence of Indians
roaming the Miami Valley in the years preceding the War of
1812, however, there were less than 50 families living in the area now known as Shelby
County.
While pioneers were a special breed of
people who could build, hunt, plant crops and gather food, not all early settlers were
prepared to handle what greeted them when they arrived on the frontier. The first pioneers
had to make do with what was available at the site where they chose to live. To remove the
forests, kill the wild animals and transform this wilderness, was the task set before
them.
The work was slow, tedious, constant and
hard with inadequate shelter and the ever present threat of Indian attack. The life
expectancy of pioneer men, women and children ranged between 30 and 40 years. While they
were almost totally self-sufficient due to settlements being very far apart and thinly
populated, they also regularly cooperated with each other to do things they couldnt
do alone.